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October 2013 – Ed.1.0
EQUITEL E400 Family – Control and communications protocol
Page 3
telephone list in the network in constantly updated, as well as its characteristics. The most important
characteristic of a telephone that the PBX must know is its IP address, for it has to associate it to a
determined identifying name (extension name)
In the example in Figure 3 we want to associate the extension 100 to the telephone on the left side, while the
telephone on the right is going to be assigned the 200. Both telephones IP addresses have been assigned by a
DHCP server.
Both telephones must communicate their presence to the PBX as well as their IP addresses.
IP network
IP telephone
192.168.1.99
IP telephone
192.168.1.25
Switchboard (PBX)
I want to register as
extension 100.
My address is
192.168.1.25
I want to
register with the
extension 200.
My address iss
192.168.1.99
Accepted Accepted
Figure 3. VoIP. Register in the PBX
Both of them send a message to the PBX indicating that they wish to register with the configured extension
name and IP address. Should the PBX accept this register, it will send an acknowledge message back.
For a telephone to register in a PBX, it must have configured the PBX address, the corresponding extension
name and, usually, an access code. This way, the PBX limits the register to some previously configured and
allowed extensions.
Once the PBX has the information of all the telephones in the network, it is already possible to establish a
vocal communication between two
(2)
of them.
Step 2: Call
The user willing to call from one telephone to another dials the extension number and presses the call
button. By doing this, the telephone sends a message to the PBX indicating that it requests to establish a
communication with that extension. In this message, the telephone shows as well which are its technical
characteristics (mainly, the codification types it understands, IP address and listening ports for the audio
packets).
Figure 4. VoIP call
The PBX searches in its list the telephone belonging to that extension and sends it a message inviting to begin
a conversation. This message includes the technical characteristics of the telephone that has initiated the
conversation.
If the telephone receiving the invitation is compatible with the sender characteristics, it accepts the
(2) The current VoIP technology allows establishing calls in multiconference mode, etc which are not considered in this application.
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